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Responsive

Responsive Web Design

Responsive web design is about creating web pages that look good on all devices!

A responsive web design will automatically adjust for different screen sizes and viewports.

What is Responsive Web Design?

Responsive Web Design is about using HTML and CSS to automatically resize, hide, shrink, or enlarge, a website, to make it look good on all devices (desktops, tablets, and phones):

Setting The Viewport

To create a responsive website, add the following <meta> tag to all your web pages:

Example

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/>
<style>
img {max-width: 100%;height: auto;}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<p><b>To understand this example, you should open this page on a phone or a tablet.</b></p>

<img src="/images/cat.jpg" alt="Cat" width="460" height="345">

<p>
ਸਰਕਾਰੀ ਸੀਨੀਅਰ ਸੈਕੰਡਰੀ ਸਕੂਲ, ਖੋਖਰ ਸ੍ਰੀ ਮੁਕਤਸਰ ਸਾਹਿਬ 1964 ਈ. ਵਿਚ ਪ੍ਰਾਇਮਰੀ ਸਕੂਲ ਵੱਜੋਂ ਸਥਾਪਿਤ ਹੋਇਆ ਸੀ ਜੋ ਕਿ 2001 ਈ. ਵਿਚ ਅਪਗ੍ਰੇਡ ਕਰਕੇ ਸੀਨੀਅਰ ਸੈਕੰਡਰੀ ਸਕੂਲ ਬਣਾ ਦਿੱਤਾ  ਗਿਆ. 2001 ਤੋਂ ਲੈ ਕੇ ਹੁਣ ਤਕ ਇਸ ਸਕੂਲ ਦਾ ਇਤਿਹਾਸ ਸ਼ਾਨਦਾਰ ਰਿਹਾ ਹੈ।  ਅਕਾਦਮਿਕ ਖੇਤਰ ਤੋਂ ਲੈ ਕੇ ਖੇਡਾਂ, ਸਭਿਆਚਾਰਕ ਗਤੀਵਿਧੀਆਂ ਅਤੇ ਸਹਿ-ਵਿਦਿਅਕ ਗਤੀਵਿਧੀਆਂ ਵਿਚ ਇਸ ਸਕੂਲ ਨੇ ਸ਼ਾਨਦਾਰ ਪ੍ਰਾਪਤੀਆਂ ਕੀਤੀਆਂ ਹਨ.</p>
<p>
ਮੌਜੂਦਾ ਸਮੇ ਵਿਚ ਸਕੂਲ ਵਿਦਿਆਰਥੀਆਂ ਲਈ ਖਿੱਚ ਦਾ ਕੇਂਦਰ ਹੈ. ਕਿਤਾਬਾਂ ਨਾਲ ਭਰੀ-ਪੁਰੀ ਲਾਇਬ੍ਰੇਰੀ, ਆਧੁਨਿਕ ਟੈਕਨੋਲੋਜੀ ਨਾਲ ਲੈਸ ਕੰਪਿਊਟਰ ਲੈਬ, ਐਜੂਸੈਟ ਲੈਬ, ਸਾਇੰਸ ਲੈਬ, ਮੈਥ ਕਾਰਨਰ ਅਤੇ ਐਸ.ਐਸ ਕਾਰਨਰ ਸਕੂਲ ਦੀ ਸ਼ਾਨ ਹਨ. ਸਕੂਲ ਵਿਚ ਸਥਾਪਿਤ ਕੀਤੇ ਵਿੱਦਿਅਕ ਪਾਰਕ ਵੇਖਣ ਯੋਗ ਹਨ. ਸਕੂਲ ਦਾ ਮਿਹਨਤੀ ਅਤੇ ਤਜਰਬੇਕਾਰ ਸਟਾਫ ਸਕੂਲ ਵਿਚ ਪੂਰਨ ਵਿੱਦਿਅਕ ਮਾਹੌਲ ਦੀ ਨੁਹਾਰ ਖਿੱਚ ਪਾਉਂਦੀ ਹੈ.
</p>

<a href="https://gssskhokhar.com/html/WithoutViewport_Head.html" target="_blank">Without the viewport meta tag</a>

<HR>

<a href="https://gssskhokhar.com/html/Viewport_Head.html" target="_blank">With the viewport meta tag</a>

</body>
</html>

Live Demo & Try it yourself!

This will set the viewport of your page, which will give the browser instructions on how to control the page's dimensions and scaling.

Here is an example of a web page without the viewport meta tag, and the same web page with the viewport meta tag:

#CSS #HTML #responsive design

Responsive Images

Responsive images are images that scale nicely to fit any browser size.

Using the width Property

If the CSS width property is set to 100%, the image will be responsive and scale up and down:

Responsive Image

When the CSS width property is set in a percentage value, the image will scale up and down when resizing the browser window. Resize the browser window to see the effect.

Example

Notice that in the example above, the image can be scaled up to be larger than its original size. A better solution, in many cases, will be to use the max-width property instead.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
</head>
<body>

<h2>Responsive Image</h2>
<p>When the CSS width property is set in a percentage value, the image will scale up and down when resizing the browser window. Resize the browser window to see the effect.</p>

<img src="/images/cat.jpg" style="width:100%;">

</body>
</html>

Live Demo & Try it yourself!

#CSS #HTML #responsive images

Using the max-width Property

Using the max-width Property

If the max-width property is set to 100%, the image will scale down if it has to, but never scale up to be larger than its original size:

Responsive Image

"max-width:100%" prevents the image from getting bigger than its original size. However, if you make the browser window smaller, the image will still scale down.

Resize the browser window to see the effect.

Example

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
</head>
<body>

<h2>Responsive Image - Using the max-width Property</h2>
<p>"max-width:100%" prevents the image from getting bigger than its original size. However, if you make the browser window smaller, the image will still scale down.</p>
<p>Resize the browser window to see the effect.</p>

<img src="/images/cat.jpg" style="max-width:100%;height:auto;">

</body>
</html>

Live Demo & Try it yourself!

#CSS #HTML #images #responsive

Show Different Images Depending on Browser Width

The HTML <picture> element allows you to define different images for different browser window sizes.

Resize the browser window to see how the image below changes depending on the width:

Show Different Images Depending on Browser Width

Resize the browser width and the image will change at 600px and 1500px.

Flowers

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
</head>
<body>

<h2>Show Different Images Depending on Browser Width</h2>
<p>Resize the browser width and the image will change at 600px and 1500px.</p>

<picture>
  <source srcset="/images/computer_lab.jpg" media="(max-width: 600px)">
  <source srcset="/images/cat.jpg" media="(max-width: 1500px)">
  <source srcset="/images/kitten.gif">
  <img src="/images/cat.jpg" alt="cat" style="width:auto;">
</picture>

</body>
</html>

Live Demo & Try it yourself!

#CSS #HTML #responsive images

Responsive Text Size

The text size can be set with a "vw" unit, which means the "viewport width".

That way the text size will follow the size of the browser window:

GSSS KHOKHAR

Resize the browser window to see how the text size scales.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
</head>
<body>

<h1 style="font-size:10vw;">Responsive Text</h1>

<p style="font-size:5vw;">Resize the browser window to see how the text size scales.</p>

<p style="font-size:5vw;">Use the "vw" unit when sizing the text. 10vw will set the size to 10% of the viewport width.</p>

<p>Viewport is the browser window size. 1vw = 1% of viewport width. If the viewport is 50cm wide, 1vw is 0.5cm.</p>

</body>
</html>

Live Demo & Try it yourself!

#CSS #HTML #responsive text

Responsive Web Design - Frameworks

All popular CSS Frameworks offer responsive design.

They are free, and easy to use.

W3.CSS

W3.CSS is a modern CSS framework with support for desktop, tablet, and mobile design by default.

W3.CSS is smaller and faster than similar CSS frameworks.

W3.CSS is designed to be independent of jQuery or any other JavaScript library.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>W3.CSS</title>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/html/css/w3.css">
</head>
<body>

<div class="w3-container w3-green">
  <h1>GSSS KHOKHAR</h1> 
  <p>Resize this responsive page!</p> 
</div>

<div class="w3-row-padding">
  <div class="w3-third">
    <h2>About</h2>
    <p align="justify">ਸਰਕਾਰੀ ਸੀਨੀਅਰ ਸੈਕੰਡਰੀ ਸਕੂਲ, ਖੋਖਰ ਸ੍ਰੀ ਮੁਕਤਸਰ ਸਾਹਿਬ 1964 ਈ. ਵਿਚ ਪ੍ਰਾਇਮਰੀ ਸਕੂਲ ਵੱਜੋਂ ਸਥਾਪਿਤ ਹੋਇਆ ਸੀ ਜੋ ਕਿ 2001 ਈ. ਵਿਚ ਅਪਗ੍ਰੇਡ ਕਰਕੇ ਸੀਨੀਅਰ ਸੈਕੰਡਰੀ ਸਕੂਲ ਬਣਾ ਦਿੱਤਾ  ਗਿਆ. 2001 ਤੋਂ ਲੈ ਕੇ ਹੁਣ ਤਕ ਇਸ ਸਕੂਲ ਦਾ ਇਤਿਹਾਸ ਸ਼ਾਨਦਾਰ ਰਿਹਾ ਹੈ।  ਅਕਾਦਮਿਕ ਖੇਤਰ ਤੋਂ ਲੈ ਕੇ ਖੇਡਾਂ, ਸਭਿਆਚਾਰਕ ਗਤੀਵਿਧੀਆਂ ਅਤੇ ਸਹਿ-ਵਿਦਿਅਕ ਗਤੀਵਿਧੀਆਂ ਵਿਚ ਇਸ ਸਕੂਲ ਨੇ ਸ਼ਾਨਦਾਰ ਪ੍ਰਾਪਤੀਆਂ ਕੀਤੀਆਂ ਹਨ.</p>
  </div>

  <div class="w3-third">
    <h2>Computer Lab</h2>
    <p align="justify">Access to Computers and the Internet has become a basic need for education in our society.
 
The computer lab serves as the center for teaching computer use to whole classes, usually by a specialist computer teacher. </p>
  </div>

  <div class="w3-third">
    <h2>E-Words</h2>
    <p align="justify">E- is a prefix used to describe anything electronic, that is any data or information transmitted over a network or the Internet. For example, e-mail is a word using this prefix to describe "electronic mail," which is mail sent and received over the Internet.</p>
  </div>
</div>

</body>
</html>

Live Demo & Try it yourself!

#HTML #responsive design

Bootstrap

Another popular CSS framework is Bootstrap:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <title>Bootstrap 5 Example</title>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  <link href="/html/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">  
</head>
<body>

<div class="container-fluid p-5 bg-primary text-white text-center">
  <h1>My First Bootstrap Page</h1>
  <p>Resize this responsive page to see the effect!</p> 
</div>
  
<div class="container mt-5">
  <div class="row">
    <div class="col-sm-4">
      <h3>Column 1</h3>
      <p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit...</p>
      <p>Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris...</p>
    </div>
    <div class="col-sm-4">
      <h3>Column 2</h3>
      <p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit...</p>
      <p>Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris...</p>
    </div>
    <div class="col-sm-4">
      <h3>Column 3</h3>        
      <p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit...</p>
      <p>Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris...</p>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>

</body>
</html>

Live Demo & Try it yourself!